Charismatic Leadership in the 21rst century business model: the high road to success

THESIS

CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP IN THE 21RST CENTURY BUSINESS

Intro : What is Leadership ?

In this chapter we are going to address the question what is leadership and its definition, how leaders inspire and how they bring out the best in others. We will also address the question of what leaders do in this day and age, how they are passionate about their work and how they work to encourage others. We will be discussing the different leadership styles and the pros and cons of each leadership style. We will also be talking about emotional intelligence and its job in leadership.

1. What is Leadership ?

2. What is leadership ? A clear definition is that it is simply the art of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a goal or vision.

Leadership has everything to do with inspiration and being trained to inspire meaning using what’s inside you to bring about the best in others. Effective leadership is based upon ideas (whether its the leaders own ideas or he learned them from elsewhere meaning student becomes the master). Good leadership happens when ideas can be communicated to others in a way that motivates them to act like the leader wants them to act.

Put even more simply, subordinates will want to act for their leaders to meet the company’s goals. In business leadership is about « inspiring people enough to meet the company’s bottom line. If they do not meet the bottom line, they are punished or even fired. As much as it is about inspiring it’s also about getting the work done in an efficient manner, a way that leads people towards success.

The difference between leadership and management is that management is leading by giving orders while leadership is more inspirational.

What Do Leaders Do?

A leader can be anyone, they aren’t necessarily the boss with a formal power. They are followed because of their personality, behavior, and beliefs. A leader invests in everyday duties and projects and shows passion, he or she loves what they are doing. Leaders take a great deal of interest in the empowerment and success of subordinates. Leaderships work to inspire and build trust, that is if they are positive and good leaders.

What do managers do ?

A manager uses control while leaders use trust as a building foundation. Managers have to use control while leaders use inspiration. A leader asks why and how. What’s inside to bring about the trusted result while a manager asks what and when. Why does somebody act a certain way or think a certain way and how can we go about to make it better while a manager asks the question what it is we are supposed to do and when will we get it done ? He doesn’t need explanations or getting to the root of employee’s blockage, he just wants them to get the work done as effectively and efficiently as possible.

Crucial differences between management and leadership : Value

1. Counting value vs creating value

2. Circles of influence vs circles of power

3. Leading people vs. Managing people

Managers count value in the manner that those who aren’t adding any value or ideas trhat are invaluable are cut off.

Circles of influence vs. Circles of power :

Managers have subordinates

Leaders have followers

One responsibility of a manager is controlling a group in order to accomplish the aim. Leadership is the capacity to inspire on the way to accomplishing the desired objective.

Monnappa, A. (2017, October 12). What’s the Difference Between Leadership and Management? Retrieved from https://www.simplilearn.com/leadership-vs-management-difference-article

As with any field, especially a field as vast as leadership there are different kinds of leadership styles as people are all different with their own personality traits, past etc and their own choice of how they choose to lead their team. What works for one person may not work for another and the leader can also choose different styles of leadership for different subordinates. No leadership style is right all the time so it’s also possible for the leader to use different style according to the situation.

The Laissez Faire Leader :

Lacks direct supervision of employees. Fails to provide regular feedback to those under his supervision. Trained employees and those a high level of experience are usually those who are in the category of laissez faire because employers trust them with the work.

Autocratic leader is the one who does things alone, without input. Also, no one challenges his decisions because he does not allow them to.

The Participative leader

This style is also known as demographic leader style. It is known as one to boost employee moral because when you participate and your voice is regocnized and you are not the one in charge, this allows you to grow.

How well you accomplish tasks or goals will determine whether you will get punished or rewarded when you are an employee. The manager sets the goal, the employee agrees to achieve the goal and they may recieve an award or a punishment based on how they do. This is an old style type of leadership even though it is still very much implemented today since managers are led by emotions and obviously they want everyone to perform accordingly therefore they will take the necessary measuress to express to employees whether they are doing a good job or not.

Transformational leadership : high levels of communication from management, one on one relationship between managers and employees, has to do with morals and values but also getting to know the employee to help him reach the best version of himself and highest work place expression of himself.

Transformational leaders are sometimes called silent. They are the ones who lead by example. Their style tends to use rapport, inspiration, or empathy to engage followers. They are known to possess courage, confidence, and the willingness to make sacrifices.

In the business world especially, it’s not what you say that matters, it’s how you represent what you say. Not only do you provide a good example but when you also empathize with people, theyu feel important and this motivates them to want to be better and do better especially when it comes to their job.

Basically, transformational leaders are trying to transform the employee into someone else. They take you where you are and try to make you into the best possible version of yourself. They are changing the system in the way it’s not like transactional management where you just give orders, but you are giving employees a chance to meet emotional needs and psychological and work so that they can thrive. When you sometimes hear people out and see where they’re coming from and how their past experienes have made them out to be where they are, you try to engage with them so that they can improve and move forward.

· Transformational leaders behave as role models and display a charismatic personality that influences others to adhere and to try to be more like the leader. Idealized influence is expressed through a transformational leader’s willingness to take risks and follow a root set of principles. No one can trust anyone who doesn’t have any values, we know that people with values are more trustworthy and it’s easier to have an exchange with somebody who knows where they are going especailly when they are doing the right thing.

· Basically, if you act like the perfect leader or close to perfect leader that displays charisma and influences others to want to become more like the leader. So basically, being able to take risks proves that you are brave and that you have self confidence. In an organization not only do the boss need to take the risk but also the employees but while taking these risks the person doing idealized influence needs to maintain values and integrity. They basically develop confidence in the leader meaning that they see his charisma and he easily navigates through the organization without fear of the unknown, and this leads them to respect the leader more.

Inspirational Motivation :

Basically, not only do you inspire to gain respect but to motivate others. inspirational motivation is being able to motivate employees by the messages that he conveys to them. Inspire meaning to show confidence and bring about this sense in them : of confidence, motivation and a sense of purpose. A clear vision for the future must be communicated so that they know what they are working towards along with these qualities that will enhance the process. The leader can be kind but also sometimes needs to be able to display that he is in charge, in position of authority.

Creativity and autonomy among the leader’s followers. Everyone is creative but we all need someone to let us participate in the decision making process in order to boost our creativity meaning we would accept different ideas and perpsectives and give our input. Just because a person is an employee, doesn’t mean they aren’t smart enough to contribute or even change things. Don’t despite the little ones. Also, employees need to be open to criticism and reshaping the way they think about potential solutions. Basically this is linked to inspirational motivation because when you convey the vision, making decisions and accepting input is more easily achieved.

We are all different and have different kinds of motivations. The leader must be able to put his finger on what motivates the people. Some people are motivated by money, some people by power, some simply want to be the best. Basically, through training sessions everyone finds out what it is they want and the leader tells them what i twill take them for them to go after it as long as the goals are within the reach of the organization.

« In their classic text, Transformational Leadership, authors Bass and Riggio explained:

"Transformational leaders...are those who stimulate and inspire followers to both achieve extraordinary outcomes and, in the process, develop their own leadership capacity. Transformational leaders help followers grow and develop into leaders by responding to individual followers’ needs by empowering them and by aligning the objectives and goals of the individual followers, the leader, the group, and the larger organization.” »

Lacks direct supervision of employees. Fails to provide regular feedback to those under his supervision. Trained employees and those a high level of experience are usually those who are in the category of laissez faire because employers trust them with the work.

Researchers have done experiments and found out that its leadership style which leads to the lowest productivity.

Basically, think of a parent abondonning his son or daughter. How will the child react ? The same is the case with laissez faire leaders and their employees. Because the leader has almost no interference with them, there is no one there to guide them, to inspire, to manage or lead.

However, when team members are highly well trained, they are capable of doing what needs to be done with little guidance or even none. Think of a grown up child who goes off to college, he or she no longer needs mom or dad to guide her through life, the same is the case for a well trained and effective subordinate.

When group members are experts : sometimes the student becomes the master especially when the younger minds are newer better versions of their teachers. Going back to the kid-subordinate analogy, the kids can use computers better than their parents and kids are sometimes even smarter than their parents, the same is true of a new well trained employee who does his job effectively and efficiently. The down side is that they may imitate the way they were led, not having been inspired or guided.

Sometimes the leader although is using a « hands off » approach, the leader is still known as the boss and may ocasionally choose to interfere and provide feedback. If the follower has fskills, knowledge and follow through to do the project, then the leader can rest assured that everything will work out and that the follower will develop a sense of indepence like he can do it on his own.

Laissez faire leadership cons :

Lack of role awareness : When you are aware of what your role is, you do it better. Knowing where you stand and how you are to manage time, resources and people helps you excel at it.

They don’t know about their role within the group and what they’re supposed to be doing with their time because they are not properly guided and managed.

Poor involvement with the group :the leader chooses « the hands off » approach therefore this produces a lack of awareness of what is going on with the group of may even give off the impression that he or she doesn’t even care about the project. Once again, the subordinate may have the same attitude as the leader and choose not to care about the project.

Low accountability : The leader who doesn’t interfere much, if something goes wrong can choose to blame the group members. Usually when everything goes smoothly, everyone is happy but sometimes when the leader has little or no interference, then he can easily blame the subordinates for goals failed or goals not met.

« It has been studied time and time again that laissez faire leadership is more negative than positive because sometimes the employees can go as far as abusing their power on other employees. If nobody is watching, then maybe they can do whatever they want.

. « Moreover, employees generally feel better about their supervisor, coworkers, and opportunities for advancement when their leaders hold employees accountable for poor performance. This finding confirms research by Carlsmith, Darley, and Robinson (2002) which showed that people believe individuals should get what they deserve in life and that they tend to be more satisfied when others receive punishment or penalties that are contingent upon low performance or unacceptable behaviors. »

« If managers want desirable behavior to continue they must reward and reinforce it. This is a well-known finding that has been documented by numerous researchers (e.g., Daniels, 1994). Nevertheless, it is a common supervisory misperception that they are frequently, and adequately, rewarding their employees. Many managers believe they are providing abundant recognition to their followers and say, “I use positive reinforcement all the time” (Daniels, 2001, p. 67) yet when their employees were asked when they last received positive reinforcement from the boss, the most common answer by far was “I can’t remember” (Daniels, 2001, p. 67). Managers think they recognized their subordinates but worker perceptions differ—and it is workers’ perceptions that matter most! »

This proves that laissez faire leadership can prove to be unsuccessful and even unreliable. The study shows that although the leaders in charge claim that they provide reinforcement and encouragement, the subordinates claim otherwise. This is proof.

Ïn laissez faire leadership, decision-making is also in the hands of the subordinates. We know that in order for an organization to work fluidly, decisions must be made to work towards achieving the vision. In authoritarian or autocraic leadership, the leader makes all the deicisons by himself. In laissez faire, it’s the contrast of this where the decisions regarding the steps toward the final vision are within the hands of the subordinates.

It’s also important to provide feedback to the subordinates, as this can enhance their future decision-making and improve the skillset.

Accountability in Laissez Faire Leadership :

The leader is mostly accountable because he or she is responsible for the team they choose and making sure they have the correct skills and training. If things don’t work out accordingly, this means the leader might’ve failed in choosing the right people for achieving the organizational goals.

Skills necessary for a laissez faire leadership :

« If the leader is able to show resourcefulness, then he or she can show the subordinates the power of ‘using what you have’ and turn the resources you have at your disposal for your benefit. »

Being resourceful means being able to use what’s in you to bring out what’s in others. For instance, what did you learn and how this applies to others in the organization.

· Take advantage of technology – You can be resourceful using technology because technology helps you communicate with people long-distance.

· Enhance your ability to be independent and to collaborate – To be independent means being able to solve problems on your own. Don’t always go crying to your boss about things, but try to see things from your own approach and solve them with your own approach. Collaborate meaning agree to disagree with your enemies or even be peaceful with them so that the work which is the priority can get done. Sometimes collaboration is a necessary compromise as a means to an end.

Be confident and relaxed :

Confidence means knowing you are not perfect but trusting that you made the best possible decision. Laissez faire leaders need this because they will have to trust their gut as they will not be supervising every step of the way or even have a hands off approach. However, when you have faith and are confident that it will work itself out you can be at ease while things play out.

Relaxed : Fretting often produces more harm than good. When others see that you are relaxed, they are more likely to trust you and when they trust you they will trust themselves as they will imitate your state you being the leader.

Choosing teams that fit :

This means that the laissez faire leader will make sure that he chooses talented and good people with good morals, ethics and values. We want to make sure that they complement eachother’s talent meaning that they help each other and that their skills although people each have different skills, they go well together.

What we need in subordinates in Laissez Faire leadership :

the ability to self-monitor, the ability to solve problems, and enhanced knowledge

Self monitoring means the ability to check on yourself to see how you are doing. This means the person needs to work on thier strengths, and try to see how they can go about to solve problems. Knowing where the organization is going and where your role lies in solving the organization’s problems, and fulfilling that role. Being able to ask yourself : am I making good use of my time and am I organized, and are the problems being resolved to work toward the expected outcome.

Basically, the leader is giving over the responsibility of achieving the goals. With that, comes unexpected internal and external problems. This means that the subordinate has to be able to solve problems in a very effective manner. The more open minded you are, the more you are able to solve problems by being able to think outside the box, contribute new ideas, and expand on what you learned. Problem solving has always been a part of life and it is absolutely necessary.

We will also be looking at « Authoritarian/Autocratic Leadership

Authoritarian leaders control almost everything around them with no participation from employees. Employees may not like the authoritarian leader, as it gives them less freedom and room to create initiatives. These leaders are also known to bossy and perhaps less focused on their employees’ emotions. However, some believe it is the best style to get things done right without losing time, as you don’t have people questioning every decision you make. » Autoritiarian leaders are « control freaks. » They are the ones who make all the decisons, from most important to least important and leave employees out of the picture. They are usually disliked by the employees but they strongly believe it is the right way of accomplishing tasks efficiently and effectively, without wasting time and resources. Also, the fact that people are not questioning every decision that is being made.

« An authoritarian leader exhibits close control over the workforce and motivates individuals through application of strictly enforced rules, regulations and penalties. »

Basically, an authoritarian leader tries to control the workforce. How do you control anything ? You control by keeping a close watch and trying to anticipate anything that could go wrong and trying to prevent it. This can be hell for the subordinates as it does not allow them to make mistakes.

Basically, the authoritarian leader can sadden the work force by being too harsh, demanding and inflexible. Not everything is about the means to an end it’s also about how you get there. It is imperative that good relations between staff and authority are established, keeping in mind people are not robots and they work better in a positive healthy environment. « as a leader you are setting the direction but your staff are delivering it for you. » Lets keep in mind no one does things alone and in order to not have everyone quit, you can apply the method of leadership that is preferrable but keep your cool and respect when talking to the employees.

Be clear about what you expect from your work force.Also, don’t change your leadership constantly or else people will be confused.Give people their work in advance or under a fair time frame so they have timeto achieve the demanded tasks. Treat everyone with the same respect even thoughyou may have preferences and someone is doing a better job.

One aspect good leadership is being prepared to listen to feedback from those you are in charge of, even if you choose to ignore it. Being seen to listen makes staff feel that their views are important and of potential value to your company. It shows that you have the maturity to understand that you do not hold the answer to every business challenge your company is facing, and that sometimes workers on the shop-floor have valuable insights into how improvements can be made.

This means that you can accept criticism even if you are the one in charge. When you think about teachers that have students who fill out surveys at the end of each year, this proves that even those who are above us in authority or regard are human beings and can make mistakes. Learn to see yourself not only through your own eyes but through other people’s perceptions and you might be surprised what you may learn, both good and bad.

Charismatic leaders are essentially very skilled communicators – individuals who are both verbally eloquent, but also able to communicate to followers on a deep, emotional level. They are able to articulate a compelling or captivating vision, and are able to arouse strong emotions in followers.

Charismatic leaders are very skilled communicators because they possess a gift, their ability to lead and inspire at the same time. Just exactly what is th definition of charisma ?

-compelling attractiveness or charm that can inspire devotion in others.

“he has tremendous charisma and stage presence”

synonyms:

charm, presence, aura, personality, force of personality, strength of character, individuality; More

-a divinely conferred power or talent.

So basically, what is charisma ? It is a mixture of divinely conferred power or talent and charm. But where does charm and inspiration come from ?

According to chron, charisma is about maturity, communication, humility, and substance.

Maturity is wisdom learned among years of experience so if you are a mature then what you learned from your experiences is what made you into the person that you are with the knowledge that you possess. How you use that knowledge to affect others is up to you and it is interlinked with charismatic leadership.

But the question we ask here is whether charismatic leadership is innate or acquired. Are people born smart with a divine gift from the creator or does this creator allow them to go through and possess their gifts along the way ? Do you gain power by going through or by simply being ?

Researchers have sought to answer this question for years.

« Charisma was originally linked with the power of persuasion, or the mastery of arguing content originally codified by Artistotle’s The Art of Rhetoric, that was the MBA of antiquity. Then, advances in psychology allowed leaders to harness the powers of myth, archetype and unconscious drive in shaping human destiny. »

Basically, before it was just about persuading people while today with advances in psychology, etc, people are more able to use their charisma to explain phenomenons in these fields that show they are knowledgeable and inspiring. Inspiration used to be linked with power as the kings and church was the way of life and they controlled everything, opinions didn’t matter much but today they do.

Today the world is heading in the direction of psychology and sociology where we try to understand diverse things in depth no longer attributing religion and power to be dominant in our lives therefore knowledge is power and along with that knowledge we seek to use what we learned in our life and also through other people’s experiences to help others.

Psychology is the study of the human mind. Antrhopology is the study of human beings together, from all over the world. How are we the person we have become considering past influences that contribute to make you the person you are today in the society you are living in today. As we consider this, we consider how this affects a person’s behaviour, how they communicate and socialize with others. It’s all about humanity and their interactions and what happened in the past that contributed to why things are the way they are today whether its in the culture, society or development. Sociology is the study of human social relationships. It explains how human beings and their thoughts and actions are shaped by level of consciousness and how their entourage and culture and social structures affect these.

We have to keep in mind that there is charismatic leadership in religion as well when we look at the three prophets and how they not only spread a message of the law but also tried to expand. For instance, Moses and the ten commandments he also made them a fighting nation and his goal was to get them to cross over to the promised land. Jesus Christ not only spread the message of love, commandments and the law but he also spoke in parables and proverbs which only charismatic people can do. Prophet Muhammed not only spread the message of peace but he also became a military commander, conquered the Arabic lands and united barbaric tribes and gave at Mecca a center to their nomadic way of living. He prepared the way for Islamic expansion.

· Basically charisma and presence are intertwined because how you choose to act and display yourself affects how others view you and whether they view you well or not.

· « Your power and your charisma lies in your confidence; your faith in yourself and your beliefs. »So basically you need to know that sometimes going against the grain is better than doing what everybody else and being liked. Sometimes allowing yourself to be who you truly are and that is different, gets you more respect and other people can look up to you and even want to have a share in your beliefs.

Not only does charisma consist of presence but how you present yourself. Are you humble, do you know how to communicate ? Are you humble enough meaning do you know how to manage being great without being puffed up ? Also the substance do you practice what you preach ?

The role of charisma in organizations is that : they are always opportunity driven meaning what is best for me in the organization, how can I bring value through initiative. The charismatic seeks performance, not comfort. Charismatic leaders are known to create disciples or mini me’s. When your doing something because your comitted to it and passionate and it shows you have influence, then people want to be a part of it. You don’t get out of life what you deserve, you get out of life what you think. Bigger picture of yourself, bigger presence.

Not only are charismatic and transformational leaders caring and a catalyst for positive change, they also know how to use a very important skill known as emotional intelligence.

Professor Richard Wiseman of the University of Hertfordshire told Forbes that .

Similarly, blogger that, “Charisma doesn’t cause you to become a leader. Being a leader makes you charismatic.”

Definition of charisma «

« charisma

Is a certain attribute or characteristic of an individual personality, by virtue(God endoweed) where the person is et apart from ordinary men and treated as endowed with supernatural, superhuman or exceptional power or quality.

Basically when a person is favored and given this gift, he or she can navigate through life leading and inspiring people through their extraordinary personality and charm. These people can lead movements and try to create a chain reaction meaning that your positive behaviour produces positve feedback and people become « mini versions of you » sort of like disciples.

The charismatic leader athers followers through dint of personality and charm, rather than any form of external power or authority :

Vision

Speech

High principiles

Emotional sensitivity

Personality

Charisma

Advantages to charismatic leadership :

Ability to affect change, energetic and driving leader, sensitivty to people emotions, supportive environment, vision and articulation.

Charismatic leaders can affect change because when people are inspired to come up higher in thier thinking there’s no telling what they can achieve. They are energetic and sensitive to people’s emotions meaning that when you touch people at their core and try to unblock what’s hindering them inside, this leads them to become the best version of themselves because they are emotionally unblocked and this leads them to want to give back.

Disadvantages :

Over reliance on leader

Lack of clarity

Failure of vision

Misarticulation of goals

Poor management

Autonomy

Broken trust.

The Disadvantages of Charismatic Leadership

There can be disadvantages to charismatic leadership such as abuse of power, use of power to achieve undesirable results, failure of vision, misarticulation of goals. Basically when people are being pampered it’s easy for the leader even to lose sight of his or her goals because all he focuses on is the emotional aspect of the subordinate. It’s not positive to get too emotional and forget the reason behind the leadership : the vision.

Gandhi had a vision for better human rights and equality for Indians in India they were experiencing some very poor treatment from people from England. His vision : stop having people be finger printed but have them treated as citizens. He articulated his vision through non violence, use of emotion, passion, words that were very strong. Those things are used by charismatic leaders to convey what their vision is. In terms of personal risk he stated that he too was willing to die but he too was going to be a part of that. So it doesn’t just say go do something dangerous but we’ll watch you, he took part of that. Sensitivity of emotion and speech : he tried to build on concerns and fears so he was building and incorporating what he was building and asking them to do.

He was labeled as extraordinary, heroic because he chose to use non violence and words. Words have always been powerful to break strongholds.

Charismatic leadership is most effective when there is some stress on the part of followers, time of great uncertainty, big things happening in the world, that uncertainty can make the leadership more important.

Basically when things are hectic all around but someone seems to have it all together and to really stand out from the crowd, that is where the power truly lies.

A business that has no real competitive threats, going very smoothly, its not needed when theres more difficulties and stress its needed because people need the power, comfort and strong personality who’s words brings hope. Think about someone who’s really sad, do they want someone else who’s really sad or to sink in the sadness or someone who’s strong and capable of lifting them up and bringing them a sense of power like they can get out of the situation unscathed. The same applies to an organization going through a hard time, employs need that strong powerful personality to lift their spirits and energy level.

But what is charismatic leadership defined ?

The process of encouraging certain behaviors in others via force of personality, persuasion and eloquent communication.

Charisma is simply the greek word for gift while charismatic leadership is trying to use the gift to uplift others and bring progress.... Whether it’s to a country, organization, or people. The force use dis personality because when you have a dominant personality that can inspire, this leads people to want to follow you meaning you show people that you know what your doing and they know it so they follow you. Being able to persuade people and communicate eloquently meaning that your sppech is fluid and that you have the art of persuasion meaning you know how to convince people of something. These attributes are what make up charisma.

Autocratic leader is the one who does things alone, without input. Also, no one challenges his decisions because he does not allow them to.

· Autocratic leadership is an authoritarian form of leadership where the leader has complete power over his people. Decision making are centralized towards the leader. Leader does not accept suggestions or to hear other people’s voices. He expects them to obey orders.

Autocratic is the one who does things alone, without input. Also no one challenges his decisions because he does not allow them to. Autocratic leadership is an authoritarian form of leadership where the leader has complete power over his people. Decision making are centralized towards the leader. Leader does not accept suggestions or to hear other people’s voices. He expects them to obey orders.

Characteristics :

Retains authority, he is in control of decision making process, he’s the boss or « the one in charge. » what he say goes.

· Follows one way communication system, no talking back.

· Takes total responsibility and total credit for the work.

· Controlling

· Follows reward & punishment system(rigid)

Advantages :

Quick decision making

Absolute control

Focused targets

Close supervision

Order & discipline

Easy to learn

Good for unexperienced or unmotivated workers

-These types of leaders are busy and work more because the work is theirs to accomplish.

Disadvantages :

Excessive leader dependance

One way communication

Fearful employees

Low employee morale

Repressed creativity

Risk of subordinates’ lack of responsibility /initiative

Advantages :

Leadership style helps interaction which then transfers values and inspires subordinates which then leads to potential improvement.

Passion and enthusiasm are basic human emotions that provoke good work

Disadvantages :

It’s the opposite of transactional leadership(reward/punish) because it encourages personal interaction.

Too muche motion/passion can lead to creating a perception of reality that isn’t real.

Transactional Leadership

How well you accomplish tasks or goals will determine whether you will get punished or rewarded when you are an employee.The manager sets the goal, the employee agrees to achieve the goal and they may recieve an award or a punishment based on how they do. This is an old style type of leadership even though it is still very much implemented today since managers are led by emotions and obviously they want everyone to perform accordingly therefore they will take the necessary measuress to express to employees whether they are doing a good job or not. (Research : is transactional leadership : punishment still effective today ?).

Pros :

Lots of rewards for those who are effective/efficient and do instructions well

Achievement of short term goals are fast

Clear about rewards/punishments so employees know what’s expected of them and how they will be compensated/ consequence of poor work.

Creativity is limited with set goals

Personal initiative is not rewarded.

-employee motivation

-achievable goals(clear and concise)

-Productivity+ costs

Meaning because goals are clear and short term, enhances productivity and lowers costs

Disadvantages of transactional leadership :

Unyielding leadership : rules & regulations must be strictly followed or else termination

Does not encourage creativity.

Insensitivity

Max Weber said : « charismatic leadership is an individual quality of which a person is set apart from otheres because he is endowed with supernatural gifts or intelligence.

Qualities of a charismatic leader :

Inspires followers through personality and charm. Not authority or power but uses his qualities to emphasize and get people to follow him. Respect = follower

· Vision

· Speech

· High principles

· Emotional sensitivity

· Personality

· Charm

Advantages :

1. Ability to affect change

2. Energetic and driving leader

3. Sensitivity to people’s emotions

4. Supportive environment

5. Vision and articulation

Disadvantages of charismatic leadership :

Over reliace on leader (so much rely on leader for unblocking psychological and emotional hindrances, subordinate can get addicted to the leader.)

Lack of clarity

(Leader is not clear about what’s expected and what are the rewards/ punishments because he is too considered about the emotional aspect of the subordinate).

This then leads -> Failure of vision because of boss’ who are emotionally involved.

Misarticulation of goals

Poor management

Autonomy

Broken Trust

Sometimes the leader can break trust such as cases of sexual harassement, cases of abuse of power or even manipulation.

When group members are experts

When independence is valued.

Downsides of laissez faire leadership :

Lack of role awareness (where is my role in what I am doing if the one in charge doesn’t tell me which direction and what steps I am to take to acccomplish the vision ?

Poor involvement with the group (where is my involvement if I am the boss and I decided to use a hands off approach, how can I change my leadership style if a different approach is needed and they are used to The hands off approach, this is very unstabilizing for the employees)

Low accountability : the leader of the group can blame the subordinates + team members although he did not guide them properly.

Passitivity and avoidance :

Subordintes may be unclear about what it is they are to be doing therefore not doing thier job properly because some people especially new may be lost without proper guidance.

A.) Not only are charismatic leaders a catalyst for positivve change, but they also use emotional intelligence. As its name entails, emotional intelligence means knowing how to link your own emotions to your intelligence so you can set an example for others and hopefully bring this about in others as well. People under the charge usually imitate people in charge therefore people watch you closely and want to be like you when you are the leader.

The ability to be perceptively in tune with yourself and your emotions, as well as having sound situational awareness can be a powerful tool for leading a team. The act of knowing, understanding, and responding to emotions, overcoming stress in the moment, and being aware of how your words and actions affect others, is described as emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence consists of these four attributes: self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relationship management.

The capacity to be emotionally in tune with yourself or as others would say emotionally aware, and to be alert in situations is the catalyst to leading a team in a positive manner

Knowing(how do you help the team) understanding (how well do you relate and understand your team)

Responding to emotions (how well do you not only know yourself but how well do you use what you know about yourself to help others), overcoming stress in the moment (how well do you respond to stress, do you know how to remain calm)

Words and actions, even when you are stressed know how to compose yourself because how you talk and act affects others. « Sticks and stones may break my bones but words will never hurt me. » This is absolutely not true, psychologists, patients etc have proven that words and actions can harm a great deal.

All of these described are also known as emotional intelligence.

Where there is a confident leader who expresses himself fluidly and knows how to communicate the vision there is power but where there is a communication defeciency there is hindrance.

But what is emotional intelligence ?

Being able to control your emotions and doing so allows you to understand other’s emotions and help them understand their own. The blind cannot lead the blind.

But what occurs when leaders do not possess this trait ?

They act out in stressful situations because they aren’t able to control their emotions. Some people are calm even when they are in stressful situations and then there are those that love you when you are far or when everything is going well but as soon as there is a problem, they lash out.

Lack of cooperation, contribution or collaberation : the subordinates not being able to contribute their ideas because they are afraid they will get yelled at.

Sometimes this does not necessarily mean the leader is agressive but he is not smart or in touch with his own emotions therefore he cannot help others who may need work in this area.

Not being able to understand or be in touch with yourself means not being able to be in touch with others.

Emotinally intelligent leaders know how to introduce change and because they observe other people’s emotions they know how to introduce these changes.

They know how to forge ahead and are unselfish.

The link between emotional intelligence and charisma is that most people who are charismatic are also emotionally intelligent because when you are intelligent, you see through others and give them inspiration. You are able to observe what it is inside of them that they need and you tell them you are aware of this. To be able to see through people and tell them is something extraordinary even though it can be damaging or dangerous if not managed properly.

Leadership is linked to charisma in the manner that charisma is the ability to inspire and help people realize their own gift. This means that there is a link between leadership and charisma because true leaders are those who can encourage others, build trust and uphold the trust (not betray or abuse their power) and that a charismatic person is a leader without necessarily having a title because they inspire others to be better. A leader is not necessarily charismatic because as we’ve seen here there are many forms of leadership employed but as mentioned, a charismatic individual is a leader.

Oprah Winfrey was born in a rural town known as Kosciusko, Mississipi in 1976. She grew up in poverty. Her grandmother and father noticed her great inelligence and speaking skills early on. Winfrey moved to Baltimore, where she hosted « People are Talking. » Then, she was recruited by a Chicago TV station to host her own morning show. Then she was part of her own show the Oprah Winfrey Show. She had a troubled adolescense where she was sexually abused by a number of male relatives and friends of her mother’s. This then led her to go live with her father who was a strict businessman. She started out in Tenessee State University where she earned a full scholarship and then started working in a radio station in Nashville where she became the youngest news anchor and the first black female news anchor. Then she relocated to Illonois where she was the new host of AM Chicago. She had overtaken the competition : Phil Donahue’s Talk Show in the ratings so she signed a contract and in 1986 her country wide hour long Oprah Winfrey show debuted. She was also the president of Harpo Productions during its debut. She was able to see through other people’s stories through her own by revealing her own past, this led her to be able to connect with others. In 1986, she talked about having been molested in her youth. She also wasn’t afraid to express herself when talking about topics that most people were also concerned about but afraid to publicly adress : weight and relationship problems. She was an advocate for gay, bi sexual, transgender people. She helped Ellen DeGeneres come out of the closet on her sitcom in 1997. She also discussed health, spirituality, and social issues and also celeb interviews which made her even more famous. In 2008, she launched her own television network called OWN.

b.) Winfrey said her father rescued her. He was very strict and provided her with guidance, structure, rules, and books. Toughness pays off.

Read more:

« her story is a story that people can identify with bc she didnt start out rich or powerful. She didnt have a lot of advantages growing up. »

« With no education my gradnmother instilled me a belief i could aspire to do great things in my life. »

Oprah Winfrey leadership methods :

Here is a look at Oprah Winfrey’s leadership style.

She is a charismatic/transformational leader. She uses inspirational motivation meaning that because she herself is active and shows energy and motivation, other people follow along.

Individualized consideration :this is a form of transformational leader because when you listen carefully and consider others’ personally you are able to work on the ethic, values, and quality of work is improved.

Idealized influence : leading by example and inspiring and influencing others at the same time. While leading by force or through giving orders (managing) is interesting, leading by example is even better.

Intellectual stimulation : Encourages followers to be creative and innovative. This means that you help followers to be active, the more you pay attention to them closely and try to get to know them on a personal level, the more they can follow you and this boosts their creativity and innovation.

These are all attributes that are part of the transformational leadership style.

· Not only does Oprah use transformative/charismatic leadership but she has a lot of things that she does to help her climb to the top, strategies for success to achieve the vision :

1. She strategically selects members of her team

Success is not done alone. No one does things by themselve. We need others to succeed. Dr. Oze Surman, Liz Dolan are all examples of people she surrounds herself with.

2. She values excellent mentorship

Even the best of us need advice from those who are above us. Claiming that you’ve reached the top is proud and stupid, even kings and presidents have their counselors. Sje credits her initial success with her long term partner Jeff Jacobs and other industry experts.

3. Showing respect and valuing customers

4. She gives generous gifts to her viewers. Gifts and a good ear.

concentrated on it and worked to have dominance over it.

If customers bring in the profit, employees are the tunnels that bring life to the company. They are the reason the business operation goes smoothly. As a way of thanking them for their efforts, Oprah has been known to lavish her team praises and vacations. She even give handpicked gifts to top staff members. Who doesn’t want a leader like that?

5. She clearly communicates her visions.Motivating her staff comes naturally. If you don’tcommunicate the vision, how are people going to know what their role is infulfilling the vision and where they stand to fulfill it ?

Oprah Winfrey is a great billionaire but what can people learn from Oprah ?

“I feel that luck is preparation meeting opportunity.”

She has since taken many risks to build her media empire up from the ground, each of which has helped it become the billion-dollar success it is.

“I believe that one of life’s greatest risks is never daring to risk.”

Taking calculated risks meaning take the best course of action where the benefits outweigh the disadvantages.

“Think like a queen. A queen is not afraid to fail. Failure is another steppingstone to greatness.”

You need to accept your mistakes, learn from them and move on without staying stuck in the past or else you will never move forward. Also, Oprah has a lot of resiliance meaning everything she went through in her life shaped her into the strong capable woman she is today.

· We can see here that Oprah is a positive example for charismatic leadership in the 21rst century. Though hard work and perseverance going upward little by little in the radio shows are what got her to where she is today, at one point she got the OWN where she could use her personal experiences to relate to others which is the essence of charisma. Oprah winfrey Is proof that charismatic leadership when used properly can be a positive addition for others and society.

A charismatic leader is one who uses his gift of charisma to inspire others and help them overcome their fears aned psychological blockage that is stopping them. A transformational leader is an example of charisma because attributes such as « idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation are all forms of charisma since the leader is trying to emphasize with the subordinate trying to get to know him at a personal level.

Oprah Winfrey is clearly a charismatic leader because she has a gift that is of speaking, listening and empathisizing. She also has a lot of charm. We all know Oprah uses emotional intelligence because of the way she talks about deep complicated subjects with such ease and the way she has overcome obstacles in her life prove her to be an emotional intelligent woman. Also the way she handled the interview with the Klu klu xlan

Not only did Oprah succeed because of her story, but also because of calculated steps the took that brought her to where she is today.

Oprah has known how to control her own image. She repeats her story again and again and no one gets to check the truth of what she’s saying. She also obliges those who work for her to sign a confidentiality agreement. Basically we know her life story and the steps to her success but we don’t know enough feedback about her behind the scene’s life and how her charisma works in reality in her work place because she is so private. She is both extremely open and private person.

Words like mission are common when you talk to Winfrey’s executives. « mission, disciples sacred, spiritual leader. » Oprah has a mission on earth and her staff are aware of it. Question like « what’s your intention is something she asks. » (McCorvey, The Key to Oprah Winfrey’s Success

« Winfrey is both the boss and the inspirational figure who leads by example. “What would Oprah do when you’re leading a meeting and you have a difficult person?” asks Salata. “[When] you’re in a deal, coming up with creative? It makes the ‘nos’ really easy. I know what Oprah wouldn’t do.” She looks me in the eye. “You do, too,” she says. (I confess: It’s true.) As I summarize all of this in my notes, “W.W.O.D.?” » » (McCorvey, The Key to Oprah Winfrey’s Success)

Leading by example is a trait of charismatic leadership, as you can give speeches about being the best but it’s what you do that counts not so much what you say. Also she has a correct moral compass therefore her inspiration is true and displays a positive charismatic leadership.

McCorvey, J. (2015, December 08). The Key To Oprah Winfrey’s Success: Radical Focus. Retrieved from https://www.fastcompany.com/3051589/the-key-to-oprah-winfreys-success-radical-focus

Who is Trevor Noah

Trevor Noah was born on February 20, 1984 in Soweto, South Africa to a black mother and a white Swiss father. It was illegal to get married that way because of racial oppression and segregation. They stayed together for a time despite the circumstances. A little boy experiencing this is very harsh but he used his experiences when he grew which up would become the subject of Noah’s comedic work, which would often look at the racial dynamics of his native country.

During his 20′s he entered the comedy stage as a dare from his friends. His skill and talent became more and more wonderful, and Noah became one of the leading figures of stand-up comedy in his country. He decided to pursue a career as a start up comedian. He hosted Noah’s ark in Johannesburg. In 2007, SABC

They both attempted multiple trials at things that didn’t work and in the end they hit the big shot. Oprah first appeared in two radio shows before appearing on the Oprah Winfrey Show while Trevor Noah did the same thing.

In his book « born a crime » Noah talks about how in the face of much division and segregation, he still managed to find joy in his experiences, first loves, etc. I believe that he didn’t let the misfortunes and adversaties he faced in life crush his spirit.

« In 2009, Noah performed a wonderful performance on The Daywalker. It appeared in The South African Music Awards. In 2010, the comedian hosted his own talk show Tonight With Trevor Noah, which appeared on M-Net and Mzansi Magic channels.

After acing his performances in the United States, Noah was part of another one-man show, The Racist. That year he also made his U.S. TV debut on The Tonight Show With Jay Leno, becoming the first African comedian to appear on the program. The following year Noah had his own comedy special on Showtime, Trevor Noah: African American. » (Trevor Noah, )

Trevor Noah. (2016, July 06). Retrieved from

https://www.biography.com/people/trevor-noah

« “I’ve always been blessed with a gift of conversation,” he noted, “and also of negotiation — being able to see both sides and empathize with people from whom I may have a different position. My greatest weakness is I’m extremely optimistic and always willing to laugh. But optimism has got me this far, and I don’t plan to abandon it yet.” »

« Quote of note: “I was, and remain, someone who doesn’t take anything so seriously that I can’t make a joke about it.” »

“There are differences,” Noah agreed. “But one thing that’s really been strange to me is how similar audiences are in South Africa and America. I think it’s because our histories have been so similar. Both countries suffered a history of slavery, oppression and systemic racism in the culture itself. And, on both sides, people are used to (diverse) audiences coming together and enjoying themselves.

“The one thing that’s different is, in the U.S., there’s a lot more sensitivity right now. I think — because of everything going on in politics — that it’s a lot harder to be seen to be mocking both sides. Because each side wants you to take their side. In South Africa, we’re still raw and fresh. And what’s great about that is people are all seeking the truth together. It’s less about political partisanship in South Africa. I mean, we’re still battling (about) race, but people are coming together.”

Who IS Ellen Degeneres ?

Born in 1958 in Metairie Louisiana she became a stand up comedian. In 1997, she came out as gay, LGBT rights. She has been the host of her own award winning talk show the Ellen DeGeneres Show since 2003. She married her girlfriend Portia de Rossi in 2008.

Ellen Lee DeGeneres was born January 26, 1958, in Metairie, Louisiana. Her parents got into a divorce when she was a teenager. Growing up, DeGeneres ambition was to become a veterinarian, but she gave up the idea because she was “not book smart.” Ellen went to the University of New Orleans for a month and then right after dropped out to do clerical work in a law firm.

DeGeneres started performing stand-up comedy at small clubs and coffee houses.

Her brother was considered the funny one. Then one day, during a public speaking event, DeGeneres found herself frightened by the crowd and used humor to get through the experience. She was a hit, and received offers to do stand-up comedy. She began performing in 1981, with her mother’s financial and moral support.

She got lots of audience views because she was hitty and had positive humor. DeGeneres finally found success as an actress with her own prime-time sitcom—the self-titled television series, Ellen.

The show faced strong criticism when, in April 1997, She aknowledged her homosexuality on air. An ABC affiliate in Birmingham, Alabama, refused to air the landmark episode. Fearing controversy, some of the show’s sponsors, Daimler Chrysler among them, withdrew advertisements.

. Ellen was canceled in 1998.

DeGeneres later revealed the difficulties she faced in coming out — from the Ellenexecutives who advised her against doing so, to the backlash she faced for making her personal life public. This was a humiliating experience for her but she bounced back.

The Ellen DeGeneres Show : nominated for 11 Daytime Emmy Awards in its first season. The show has won 25 Emmy Awards in its first three seasons on the air.

Ellen is known for her dancing and singing with the audience at the beginning of the show and during commercial breaks. She often gives away free prizes and trips to her studio audience with the help of her sponsors. This means that Ellen uses joy as a tool to get her audience hooked. She also appeared as a judge in American Idol.

Supposedly, she treats everyone with respect except her staff.

« “No one is allowed to engage Ellen in conversation or even look her in the eye!” the source said.

“She doesn’t even brief the staff about the show anymore!”

Those who do happen to interact with Ellen should consider themselves lucky, as the source claims “she picks and chooses people to be nice to.” »(Abrams, Entertainment daily) (Abrams, S. (2017, December 20). Ellen DeGeneres Reportedly Treats Her Staff ‘Like Peasants’)

So perhaps Ellen can go a little queen on her staff, but it appears to the public that she is a fair woman who does not discriminate against race, religion, or nationality. She is an authoritarian leader.

Abrams, S. (2017, December 20). Ellen DeGeneres Reportedly Treats Her Staff ‘Like Peasants’. Retrieved from http://www.entertainmentdaily.com/news/ellen-degeneres-reportedly-treats-her-staff-like-peasants/

One of her rules for success : « be exactly who you are » Ellen DeGeneres. (n.d.). Retrieved from

« Who am I without a career ? Who am I without people loving me ? i am free I’m completely able to be exactly who I am. «

She said that your idea of success changes and yours will change too and the most important thing in life is to live your life with integrity.

« Be honest. » « instead of making business more important, i made my soul and my life more important and by being truthful and honest that saved me and then I was given the opportunity to do something and be who i am and if they respond to It great. »

« be true to yourself and you will be fine. »

« Some of the most devistating things that happen to you will teach you the most. »

« the phone didn’t ring for three years. And I had no money. »

« im very grateful for that time.. it gave me more compassion. I know what it feels like to be out of money... and then all of a sudden just because of one revelation I was made fun of. »

« Who are you without fame, without success, without money ? » (What Every Business Leader Can Learn from Ellen DeGeneres)

We can see here that Ellen made it to where she is because she chose to stand up for who she is and lose for a little while until that is what caused her to have her big break. People are attracted to those who are authentic, and not caring what everybody else thinks, and most importantly standing up to what they believe. That is what the 21rst century is all about where knowledge and rights are gaining in prominence.

In 2003, Ellen started her talk show

“.”

“Ellen” rose to the top and has been a show-stopper every since. She got more views than Oprah.

The Ellen show encourages its audience to forget their troubles and enjoy the conversation. She affects each show with a dance and many thanks at the end, often getting her audience involved in the action.

Key Moment in Her Career

The two most marking/significant moments in her career

Where Johnny Carson invited her to sit next to him.

The second was when she publicly announced her homosexuality on the puppy episode of her sitcom.

Tennant, T. (n.d.). How Did Johnny Carson Jump Start Ellen’s Career? Retrieved from

Ellen and the challenges she faced + her response to her challenges

What Every Business Leader Can Learn from Ellen DeGeneres. (n.d.). Retrieved from

Don’t run out of money

During the stockmarket crash, people had the necessary finances to continue but some people did not including Ellen’s stock market so the company shut down.

Have a way to attain your goals

Have a plan to achieve your vision.

See also:

Hire the VP of sales at the right time

The best strategy is to hire a team of hungry sales reps to drive new business, adjust your product-market approach based on real-world experience, and then hire a sales executive to organize everything once you have a clear sense of your objectives.

Build a five-year plan

A five year plan is a big plan broken down into small pieces that you can achieve in the midst of five years. Having a large vision is fine but a plan is a sort of strategy or stepping stone to help you achieve your vision.

Be intentional about creating your company culture

Your company and values create your « company culture. » Having a positive company culture means that the company is reflecting off good values, team work and mission.

What Every Business Leader Can Learn from Ellen DeGeneres. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://fortune.com/2016/02/21/business-leader-ellen-degeneres/

Ellen is considered charismatic because she was honest about who she is and at a moment in time chose that over fame. Today she is respected for her brutal honesty and yes so what if she is gay, people look up to her for being her true authentic self. We know that we are in a generation where being different and owning up to who you are actually leads you to greater heights when it is partnererd with integrity, love and passion. Charisma is about bringing out the gift in others and being able to be who you are completely without being judged is something people are wanting and Ellen is able to provide. Charisma is about trust and bringing out the best in others. Ellen does just that when she respects everybody and encourages people being open and tolerant. Also she makes people laugh, in order to make people laugh one must be charismatic and have a sense of humor. « According to bernard baske, charismatic leaders serve as a beacon to subordinates. They exhibit confidence and take risks. They exhibit confidence, take risks, generate exciment energy and emotion and that’s what Ellen is all about. A person who has a transformative vision. Someone who convinces their followers to accept their vision. They’re thankful and aren’t just the leader because they want personal success. Someone who has followers that believe they’re charismatic. « Treating people fair and square, just like you’d like to be treated yourself. » In a situation of crisis, a charismatic leader doesn’t act out. »

A. (2013, April 20). Retrieved June 13, 2018, from

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jZ7-n_CpwhU

Elon Musk biography :

Elon Reeve Musk was born June 28, 1971 is a South African American entrepreneur and businessman who created (PayPal), SpaceX in 2002 and Tesla Motors in 2003.

He became a multimillionaire in his late 20s when he sold Zip2, to a division of Compaq Computers. Musk became famous in the headlines in May 2012, when SpaceX launched a rocket that would send the first commercial vehicle to the International Space Station.

He helped his portfolio with the purchase of SolarCity in 2016. He enlarged his standing by taking the advisory role in the early days of President ’s administration. Ellon musk attended Queens and University of Pennsylvania. He was also a part of Donald Trump’s strategy and Policy forum but as soon as on June 1, following Trump’s announcement that he was withdrawing the U.S. from the Paris climate accord, he stepped down.

« As of December 2017, Elon Musk’s net worth is $20.2 billion. »

What Drives Elon Musk and what contributed to make him a successful leader and what is the link between his success and leadership style imlplemented ?

Being passionate : after paypal, he invested nearly all his money in Space X, Tesla Motors, and solar city.

Having a vision :

Knowing where you are and also where you are going. He communicates the vision to his followers.

Working for the greater good of humanity : Tesla motors was created to help have sustainable cars.

His college friends accused him of losing control of his temper and blunt criticism of others, sometimes older employees.

Musk is constantly working on his temper and patience, but people around describes him as patient with failures and things, but not with people. He does not tolerate the waste of time and the lack of a clear plan to attack. The worst thing what employee can do is to say Musk that they did something because it is a standard approach.

Ellen Musk biography

« When Musk sets unrealistic goals, verbally abuses employees, and works them to the bone, it’s understood to be—on some level—part of the Mars agenda. Some employees love him for this. Others loathe him but remain oddly loyal out of respect for his drive and mission. What Musk has developed that so many of the entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley lack is a meaningful worldview. He’s the possessed genius on the grandest quest anyone has ever concocted. He’s less a CEO chasing riches than a general marshaling troops to secure victory.

It’s almost a binary experience for him. Either you’re trying to make something spectacular with no compromises or you’re not. And if you’re not, Musk considers you a failure. This position can look unreasonable or foolish to outsiders, but the philosophy works for Musk and constantly pushes him and those around him to their limits. » (Marlon, Quora)

« An example of the employee who missed the event to witness the birth of his child was grilled ruthlessly by e-mail: “That is no excuse. You need to figure out where your priorities are. We are changing the world and the history, and you either commit, or you don’t. I want you to think ahead and think so hard every day that your head hurts.” » ( How Did Ellen Mosk Become So Succesful ?)

Gromov, R. (2017, August 05). Elon behind Iron-man’s Mask: Analysing Leadership Style of Elon Musk. Retrieved from

What Makes Elon Musk Charismatic ?

Big wild ideas, people tell him he cannot make it yet he keeps on trying and trying until he succeeds at all his wild ventures and they become a worldwide success. He is charismatic in the sense that he never gives up and believes in himself and standing against the crowd.

Talent Hunter

Elon Musk is humble and believes in hiring people who are smarter than himself. He knows he is not perfect and others aren’t either but believes in new talent.

Risk taker- Challenger

Being able to take risks is something very imporant in business. After sales of Paypal, he got money around 170 million dollars. He also put money from his pocket and started up three businesses not knowing if they would succeed. As a leader, Elon Musk inspires his employees to challenge and push the limits and take risks.

So basically, being able to take risks is a trait of charisma because people look up to you not just when you play it safe and make it but when you take risks and make it.

Keeping in mind, Musk reads a lot about the industries where he works and a lot in general. He is very ethical so his charisma is considered positive.

At age 17, in 1989 Queen’s University in Canada

He left in 1992 to study business and physics at the University of Pennsylvania.

He graduated with an undergraduate degree in economics and stayed for a second bachelor’s degree in physics.

After departing from Penn, Elon Musk headed to Stanford University in California to study a PhD in energy physics.

However, his move was timed perfectly with the Internet boom, and he dropped out of Stanford after just two days to become a part of it, putting to action his first company, Zip2 Corporation.

«An online city guide »

In 1999, Musk co-founded , an online financial services/payments company.

Tesla Motors, a company designated to produce affordable, mass-market electric cars, battery products and solar roofs.

« Focusing your hard work in the right direction by working smart as well is what leads to results. »

Elon Musk is no different, he went to industries that were making no money and became nearly bankrupt while trying to make them profitable because of his passion to do things that helped humanity.

Elon always asked his friends for everything negative they had to say about his cars than be happy about them telling him how great they were. He also listened to the customer which is why he kept improving his product faster than the competition.

He also listened to the customer. There are two types of people : those who like to be told the truth and who never evolve and those who like to be told the truth so that they can improve upward. This was the key to helping him improving his product at a rate faster than others.

He has huge goals that everybody laughed at but he actually achieved. « Because it’s those who are crazy enough to think that they can change the world that actually do. »

Who is Jack Ma ?

·

· Jack was born to parents, who were involved in a profession of storytelling through music, He was born in China

·

· Since a really young age he was very keen on gathering knowledge about English and tried his best to communicate better in the language. He wanted to become a better speaker and was attracted to foreigners.

Simultaneously, Ma also aspired to enrol in a university and even attended exams for the same reason, but did not succeed. He then joined the ‘Hangzhou Teacher’s Training Institute’ to pursue a Bachelor’s degree in English where he graduated from the institution in the year 1988.

· In the 1990′s mid Jack discovered the internet and began seeing this new trend as a business opportunity.

· Ma even often visited the United States in 1995 to learn more about the internet.

· The same year, he even raised a fund of $20000 to begin his own business with an intention of concentrating mainly on the Internet.

· « The purpose of the company was to create websites for their clients. Although this kind of business was relatively new, Jack managed to earn a whopping $800000 in a matter of just 3 years. »

· Because he succeeded, this led to him becoming the head of a firm governed by the agency ‘China International Electronic Commerce Center’, in 1998 where he worked for one year.

· After stepping down from his job in 1999, Jack founded a company named ‘Alibaba’ with many of his friends. The intention was to create a website which is more like a one stop shop for business to business transactions.

· During 1999-2000, the company received a financial backing of $25 million, which significantly helped in the growth of the company. The company’s business soon went over to around 240 different countries.

· Jack next tried to venture into e-business, which he could foresee as a great win for the money, one of the 21st century. In this regard, he also founded many firms such as ‘Taobao’, ‘Lynx’ and ‘Ali Mama’.

Alibaba made him the richest man in China.

« Jack Ma is successfull because of his persistence , excellence in finding & managing good talents (especially early ones), having a clear vision and mission with what he wants to do with Alibaba. »

10 Rules for Success :

Applied for universities, failed at universities.

Applied for jobs, failed.

Applied for Harvard, ten times rejected.

1. Get used to rejection

2. Keep your dream

Alive because it might come true someday

3. Focus on culture

Everybody work for helping others instead of just making money

4. Ignore « the little man » he don’t care about being stupid as long as people use it

5. Get inspired (he learned a lot from movies, how to make a speech) His favorite movie is Forest Gump

6. Stay focused

7. Have a good name

8. Customers are number 1

9. Don’t complain Look for opportunities, where there is trouble is where there is opportunities

10. Have passion

« it’s not which company you go it’s which boss you follow. »

He leads hisbusiness with an enlightened mind.

“Today, making money is very simple. But making sustainable money while being responsible to the society and improving the world is very difficult.”

In a phone interview he mentioned environmental issues like water, air, and food safety in China. He also wants to make positive changes in these domains : finance, education and healthcare to help enlighten and strengthen Chinese Society.

His passion to help people and the society is reflected in Alibaba’s policies: they and are thoughtful about improving the lives of employees who are in it for the long-term and helping the company grow.

He constantly thinks about what he can do for the future generation, as he enriched the culture and education of the young ones.

In his with then United States President Barack Obama in 2015, Ma revealed that Alibaba has reserved 0.3% of the company’s total revenue for the younger generations to spend on addressing environmental issues.

« i do not want people to have deep pockets but shallow minds. »

Basically, when you are given a gift of being able to be in a business that makes so much money because you yourself have been blessed with the ability to have an education, you have to give back. It’s the mini generation that will grow to do produce some other greatness. People who are of age know this and try to do everything they can to give bac

“He is the leader of anti-piracy (counterfeit goods),” he commented. “Last year alone, we have put 400 people in jail, we deleted 370 million product listings.”

To prevent further similar events, Ma explained that they could trace the origins of the fake products from database systems, and deliver the information to the police.

“If you don’t give up, you still have a chance. Giving up is the greatest failure,” he said. He didn’t succeed at university, KFC and yes his businesse model was creative and different than most people but the fact that he didn’t give up numerous times after failure is what caused him to succeed.

“They call me ‘Crazy Jack.’ I hope to stay crazy for the next 30 years,” because having crazy ideas that are out of the box, allows him to see differently.

Indeed organizational success and survival both depend on leader and employees so employees must be empowered, encouraged and educated.

The Six Veins:

· Customers First

· Teamwork

· Embrace Change

· Integrity

· Passion

· Commitment

Jack Ma is considered charismatic because he is the little man, with no college degree etc but he still made it big with his hard work. When you read about people who made it big and graduated from Harvard etc this inspires people but what about those who are not given the same opportunities then how can those make it big well Jack Ma managed to succeed without diploma or opportunities. He defies stereotypes. He appeals to other people’s emotions. He never gave up.

How Did Ellen Mosk Become So Succesful ? Retrieved from Quora.

M. (2016, August 01). Retrieved April 20, 2018, from

M. (2016, August 01). Retrieved April 20, 2018, from

Misla, Marlo(July 27, 2015)

He is humble and doesn’t talk much, he uses his money to help the people and the public and national interest.

Yata, F. (n.d.). . Retrieved from

After researching these cases, we chose them because they were from different environments and have different businesses but they succeeded in part thanks to their charisma but some of them made charisma their business that hit big time in today’s 21rst century humanistic point of view. As we have examined all these cases of charismatic leaders, we can see that charisma was a personality trait and tool that helped them succeed but that they also possessed certain attributes in their path that helped them to reach their goal that had nothing to do with charisma which was hard work, persistance, and ethics.

In this chapter we are going to show the direct link between charisma and success in business, how when used appropriately it can lead enterpreneurs to thrive. After researching about leadership skills and styles, we can compare them to business experiences of Oprah Winfrey, Elon Musk, Jack Ma etc to prove that link.

How Charisma Impacts Relationships and Emotional intelligence

Psychologists say that charismatic leadership is usually linked to positive emotions. There are six traits of charisma :

Emotional expressiveness : the ability to express one’s self with emotion

Emotional sensitivity : feeling empathy and sensitivity to solve psychological blockages

Emotional control : self control even in the midst of sad or hectic situations where emotions are usually amplified

Trevor Noah uses emotional control in the manner that he can take something really sad and emphasize that it’s sad but link humor to it at the same time. Though he also uses emotional sensitivity because he expresses the injustices with satire.

« Quote of note: “I was, and remain, someone who doesn’t take anything so seriously that I can’t make a joke about it.” »

· Where there have been earthquakes and natural disasters, Oprah has comforted the people feeling for them without losing complete control of her emotions. She has also comforted mourning moms, dads, daughters, children who have gone through horrible situations. She usually doesn’t discriminate even though she has overcome , she talks to all kinds of people and keeps her cool, listens and asks questions.

Social expressiveness : the ability to express yourself with people in a social manner, not being too shy or too agressive or spontaneous but being able to be in the middle.

· Oprah says what she means meaning that she is very direct in her questions and responses. She doesn’t say everything but usually she is here to get people to know their real inner self meaning that you can’t get people to know themselves without being direct and unafraid to stir up some emotions.

Social sensitivity : being able to be sensitive to other people’s needs in the social context

Social control : being able to control your emotions while still communicating your views in a way that is good and concise.

Example : A Sunday school teacher by day and a sex addict at night. Ooh. And they were like you won’t believe it, we got her going out, we goth er with the men, and we get to show her and she was willing to show us everything. I sat down with the woman for an interview that was taped and during the process of the interview I said, « why are you doing this ? » And she said, « oh i want to help people, i want to tell my story and i want to help people. And I said, « Do you have children ? She says, « Yes, I have a 10 year old son. » I knew right then this i s never gonna see the light of day. So we got off the air and I said to the lady, we are not going to air that show. » So she said why, my producer said why ? she knew she was being filmed, she knew what she was saying. I said because her son will never get over it. » you always know it’s the right thing when at the end of it there’s peace. » you are rewarded by peace in knowing that you did the right hting. The three things that i want to leave with you will carry you if you let them. First and foremost, knowing who you are being able to answer this question «Who am I and what do i want ? » so i’m not asking for the roles that you play as a daughter, as a friend as a sister youre gonna be a lawyer your gonna be a pharmacist. I’m asking the question of who am i and what do i want. I don’t want to just be succesful in the world , i want to fulfill the highest truest expression of myself as a human being. I want to fulfill the promise that the Creator dreamed when he dreamed the cells that made up me. You must have some kind of vision for your life even if you don’t have the plan you must have a direction of where you choose to go you must be in the driver seat of your life otherwise your life will drive you. You must find a way to serve. MLK said that not everybody can be famous but everybody can be great because greatness is determined by service. When you shift the paradigm of everything you choose to do and shift it to service, success will follow you. 3. Always do the right thing.

In this example Oprah demonstrates compassion for the woman’s kid which is an example of social control, thinking about somebody other than herself. She could’ve chosen to air the show she wouldn’t lose anything from that but she thought of somebody else, that is what is social control.

· Social control is not scaring people but still getting to the point, Oprah can do that.

Look for examples where Oprah applied all of these.

Oprah had a discussion with Daniel Goleman, (In The Brain and Emotional Intelligence: New Insights, Daniel Goleman wrote a book about what we know about the brain basis of emotional intelligence, in clear and simple terms.)

Daniel goleman : you know there’s three kinds of empathy. One is cognitive empathy : means i understand how you see things, what your perspective is. Walk a mile in the other person’s shoes. I know what mental models you have, i know what language you use without which you understand me. Oprah : And almost impossible to be truly succesful in this world wihout that. Isn’t it ? a lot of people have bosses who are not, or managers who are not or spouses who are not which makes for bad communication. The second part is the second part of the brain, it’s the social brain we call it. And that’s sensing in yourself immediately what the other person’s feeling. That means rapport. And you know you’re only going to have rapport if youp ay full attention to the other person. You’re gonna have chemistry if both of you are paying attention. And if you’re nont, i’m checking my – not gona happen so there’s this emotionakl empathy, the third kind means if i have someone in my life who is in distress, i’m not just gonna feel it, i’m gonna want to help them because i love them. It’s like a parent’s love for a child if you have that love for someone, then you’re gonna be there for them. And that’s a different kind. It’s different than cognitive and different than emotional. Oprah : And so the self awareness, the ability to manage your emotions, having empathy, also leads to the next thing, and that i shaving great relationships and automitcally if you do – Daniel : You put it all together. Oprah : Yeah, if you do those three things, you’re gonna have a better relationship with yourself. If you’re out of control you’re gonna have terrible relationships. If you don’t tune in, you don’t know what’s going on as a person, you’re going to be off. So you need to have all of those three to have a good interaction. »

Ellen uses all the elements of emotional intelligence but the one she uses the most I would say is : « the courage to come forward » or social expressiveness. She isn’t afraid to be who she really is and people respect her for that.

She uses a lot of emotional sensitivity because she is tolerant and kind and these are often intertwined with sensitivity.

« Ellen Surprises Inspiring Baltimore Teacher Mr. O »

A teacher who moved from California to educate kids in a poor neighbourhood. He wishes he could do more for his students but he considers it an honor to teach them. « Mr O to me is very trustworthy i can trust him with all my issues and challenges at home and he gives such great advice that I don’t have to go through these challenges anymore. » Ellen sees greatness not only in people with big salaries or who have « made it » but those who have made a difference that matters in the world. She got Shutterfly to give them a check for $25 000.

Ellen recieved a woman known as Kelly McGuire. The woman gave a woman her boots after getting home after a game. She gave a homeless woman her only boots and performed an extraordinary act of kindness. This woman does a lot of good things, Ellen tells her « your really an incredible young woman I admire what you do and I thought i would give you my boots. I thought I would give you my boots and I always keep my money in it and I have 10, 000 dollars. » Ellen once gave a huge sum of money to a woman who yelled at a racist person for discriminating against a Muslim. She is for love and unity.

« it really makes me so upset. » Ellen received Miley Cyrus who was very emotional while talking about Hurricane Harvey victims and they were both super emotional. »

« Ellen Surprises Inspiring Baltimore Teacher Mr. O »

A teacher who moved from California to educate kids in a poor neighbourhood. He wishes he could do more for his students but he considers it an honor to teach them. « Mr O to me is very trustworthy i can trust him with all my issues and challenges at home and he gives such great advie that I don’t have to go through these challenges anymore. » Ellen sees greatness not only in people with big salaries or who have « made it » but those who have made a difference that matters in the world.

« Ellen Surprises Inspiring Baltimore Teacher Mr. O »

A teacher who moved from California to educate kids in a poor neighbourhood. He wishes he could do more for his students but he considers it an honor to teach them. « Mr O to me is very trustworthy i can trust him with all my issues and challenges at home and he gives such great advie that I don’t have to go through these challenges anymore. » Ellen sees greatness not only in people with big salaries or who have « made it » but those who have made a difference that matters in the world. She got Shutterfly to give them a check for $25 000.

Elon Musk uses emotional intelligence in relationships in an interview where two of his space heroes known as Apollo Astronouts and Neil Armstrong thought that the new space mission was dangerous. He did not react in anger or fear but simply sadness saying «i hope they come visit. »

[Elon Musk:]
I was very sad to see that because those guys are – yeah. You know, those guys are heroes of mine, so it’s really tough. You know, I wish they would come and visit, and see the hard work that we’re doing here. And I think that would change their mind.

[Scott Pelley:]
They inspired you to do this, didn’t they?

[Elon Musk:]
Yes.

[Scott Pelley:]
And to see them casting stones in your direction?

[Elon Musk:]
Its’ difficult.

[Scott Pelley:]
Did you expect them to cheer you on?

[Elon Musk:]
Certainly hoping they would.

[Scott Pelley:]
What are you trying to prove to them?

[Elon Musk:] Source: L Y B I O . N E T
What I’m trying to do is – is to make a significant difference in space flight, and help make space flight accessible to – to almost anyone. And I would hope for as much support in that direction as we, as we can receive.

« In response to a recent claim that Tesla had incurred 30% more employee injuries than the industry standard, Musk committed to personal accountability in an email to employees. In it, he indicates that it breaks his heart whenever an employee is injured while building cars and that he sincerely cares for their well-being and safety.

He then asked to be notified directly about every injury, meet with the injured employees personally, then attempt to do their tasks, so he can see what needs to be fixed.

“This is what all managers at Tesla should do as a matter of course. At Tesla, we lead from the front line, not from some safe and comfortable ivory tower. Managers must always put their team’s safety above their own.” » (the power of Emotional Intelligence, Boitnott)

This clearly shows that Elon Musk is emotionally intelligent but also sensitive to his employees. Being emotionally intelligent means knowing when to show the compassion that you feel inside. This is an example of emotional expressiveness and emotional sensitivity.

Jack Ma and emotional intelligence :

« “If you want to be successful, you should have great EQ (emotional quotient). Because you’d know how to work with people. No matter how smart you are, if you never know how to work with people, you will never be successful,” Ma said at a forum organized by the De La Salle University on Wednesday.

He added that one should also possess LQ or love quotient, if he wants to be respected.

While he admitted that he was “never trained to be an entrepreneur,” Ma said that his time as a student leader helped him gain valuable insight and experience on how to work and deal with people. »

Basically, what he is expressing is you need emotional sensitivy and emotional awareness. You cannot work with people, or be the boss if you treat people poorly or like robots as we human beings have feelings.

« When he started Alibaba, Ma said that people thought of him and his dream as “crazy.” Interestingly though, 18 other colleagues were as crazy as him, he noted.

“If only one person believes in the dream, that’s not a crazy dream but a crazy person. If the whole team is crazy, then there’s something interesting,” he said. »

He is also considered emotionally intelligent because even though people thought he was insane for dreaming such a big dream, he found other people who dared to believe and together they created something powerful.
Read more:

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Boitnott, J. (2017, December 14). 3 CEOs Who Are Using Emotional Intelligence to Expand Their Businesses. Retrieved from https://www.inc.com/john-boitnott/3-ceos-who-are-using-emotional-intelligence-to-expand-their-business.html

INQUIRER.net - YouTube. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.bing.com/cr?IG=D3DB5C87BC29498E8B83D47FAE46BE47&CID=022D1B947C216FD9386717897DDC6EB6&rd=1&h=_6ZgMzuehB7P971cjjsU_8KKLo-KSu_GLyV187p10vs&v=1&r=https://www.youtube.com/user/inquirernews&p=DevEx.LB.1,5570.1

T. (2017, October 13). Ellen Surprises Inspiring Baltimore Teacher Mr. O. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fiGjxl3XKJQ

They can be great for company but this can also come with a cost if power is not used in the right manner. As soon as this happens, people start to no longer look at the qualities of the person but his flaws and how he or she has broken the trust and abused his or her power.

Here are the hazards of charismatic leadership :

1. Leaders can be addicted to it

2. That organizations can be addicted to the charismatic leader

3. Charisma grows for its own sake and forgets its purpose

A lot of the great people we see who are expressing their vision for their companies can be horrible people even if they seem amazing upfront.

Charismatic leaders aren’t necessarily the ones who are taking a great leap but sometimes the ones who are quiet and attentive to their surroundings. One does not have to be like Oprah to be charismatic, one can simply express himself with love and grace and that can make he or she to be a charismatic leader.

Charismatic leadership is able to bring out the best in each person, be able to motivate them to achieve more and overall be shining examples of all the positive skills or attributes neeeded to run a business. A business is said to be more successful with charismatic leadership because being able to bring out the best in others while managing your power is the most efficient way to succeed.

Today’s business world is more and more competitive and charisma can turn out to be a skill that really causes the business to stand out because emotional inteligence along with charm attracts both customers and employees.

Where leadership is aware of positive interactions and positive behaviour is a stepping stone to success.

Suppose I am confident and I lead you to be just as confident, than I am using charismatic leadership.

Real charismatic leaders hold interest of others and spread their energy of self confidence, charm, and communication style.

Remember when we were young and we imitated those with the best hair or clothes ? when you grow up you tend to want to be like the boss, instead of eyeliner or hair it’s charismatic leadership.

Charismatic leaders are optimistic people who know how to use other people’s failures or mistakes to their advantage. Other people can sense the positivity and this helps make the work place free of stress in contrast to yelling and screaming when something goes wrong which is more authoritarian or autocratic, transactional(reward/punishment). Charismatic leadership is a success because even in hard situations, they try to remain positive and this helps turn things around. Remember, « the light shines in the darkness. »

Oprah used this type of charismatic leadership because even though she is not perfect she always does the right thing. In her speech this shows :

These leaders are inspiring, to inspire in a time of distress is a wonderful quality. To influence in a time of distress is even better.

Charismatic leaders usually possess emotional intelligence. Those who have the gift or acquire charisma and still know how to manage their own emotions and respect the emotions of others are the most successful. Charismatic leaders will listen to their employees and give feedback with their messages. While talking is an important skill, listening is even more important and a sign of intelligence.

Oprah not only listens to herself, she also listens to others. Lets them talk and pays attention to what they are saying before she responds. If you watch her interviews....

Charismatic leaders usually give honest feedback, they are not afraid to go against the grain and say what they really mean. The goal of a charismatic leader is not to please everyone but to earn respect doing their own thing and that usually gains other people’s respect.

Being able to be assertive without agressitivity is a trait of charismatic leaders.

They believe in communicating directly and being honest with others, they are not hypocrites and are straightforward in their interactions. It’s hard to find people like these in a world that is drowning in hypocrisy and lies.

True charismatic leaders are ethical and do not waver from their ethics. They are not people pleasers of everybody.

This applies to Ellen because she came out even though some people wouldn’t support her. This proves that she dared to be herself and go against the grain and not be ashamed to show the world who she really was.
Oprah came out about being abused as a child and having gotten pregnant even though some ignorant uninformed people would consider that « shameful » she dared to share her story in order for other people to not be shy and to come through with their similar stories or different.

Trevor Noah says he was born a crime and just his appearance was a way to show that he was different and proud of who he was. Today he is admired and used his childhood experiences in his sketches. Ask Salim

True charisma involves ethics, strong personality that can stand strong in crisis, emotional intelligence, ability to lead without harm. When charisma is used without any abuse of power, and truthfully it is very much beneficial to a business or organization.

« Charisma is not something you can teach someone and not something someone can just pick up along the way. You either have it or you don’t. It is one of the only qualities that you are born with, so essentially it comes down to the luck of the draw. Many argue whether it is a product of nature or nurture, but after close examination of the most successful people on planet earth, researchers have noticed it is indeed something with which you are born. »

For Oprah, though she had many problems growing up her grandmother and father noticed there was something special about her when she spoke in front of her church. Because Oprah was sexually abused she made some wrong choices but quickly goth er life back on track. Her charisma really showed when she grew because what she went through became her business.

She gained recognition in some tv shows and movies before she appeared on the Ellen show meaning she already had the gift of speaking, making people laugh etc. Ellen DeGeneres hit it big as a stand-up comedian before starring on her own sitcom, Ellen.

Ellen always asks questions and listens to what people are saying, and tries to put herself in other people’s shoes. You see many times she listens attentively to certain people.

Charisma is about making people feel a certain way that other people cannot. It’s either you possess it or you don’t. « It’s about having an impact and being listened to as if you are a god on earth when you speak ». This is not something that you can teach, you either possess it or you don’t.

Charismatic leaders listen just as much as they speak. They realize when is the right time to speak and when is the right time to listen. You learn more when you listen and you’ll know how to respond when you are listening.

They are observers : being able to observe, analyze and look at what’s around you is a way you can assess the personality, the risk, the dangers, the love, what’s for you and not for you. Many people can see but they do not see things in depth.

8. They know the right time and place for everything

Not being distracted by distractions or looking at what’s around you but they give you 100% Full undivided attention.

9. they don’t act self important : yes it’s ok to be confident but when it becomes narcissism or pretentious this is not ok.

Jack Ma is very humble and knows the LQ is essential for succeeding in business.

Oprah has always been very humble and accepting of others and their importance. Her experiences taught her to see outside herself.

10. they understand how important others are

Jack Ma succeeded because he and a group of people believed in their vision and worked hard to achieve it. He wouldn’t have been able to do it on his own.

Elon Musk cries when one of his employees gets hurt because of the machines and when those two guys accused him of being not good enough, he said I wish they could come and visit to see how much we work hard.

« Trevor Noah’s ethnicity as well as his fluidity with languages gives him a perspective on interacting with people of different cultures. As Noah explains in his memoir , his ability to switch languages ingratiated him with people who might otherwise want to make life difficult for him. Noah’s ability move between cultures – something he attributes to his mother – is invaluable for his comedy. He admits, too, that at one point he wanted to improve his vocabulary on stage. He did and confesses wryly he lost half his audience.

The lesson is important for anyone in leadership. Use words people understand, obviously but more importantly speak to them as if they matter. Connect with them personally. This is something I have learned from great public speakers. I recall my wife telling me about two well-known celebrities who were invited to speak at a conference she was attending. »

Oprah succeeded because she could listen to people and put herself in their shoes. Although she herself has made good choices in her life, she emphasizes with all kinds of people, prisoners, movie stars, models. This clearly shows that she listens to other people’s point of view without prejudice.

No one succeeds alone, as important as it is for you to see yourself as part of the success and believe in your ability to contritube, it’s just as important to know that you can’t or that it’s a lot harder to make it on your own and you need others’ help to help you succeed

« « I said to Maya, this is going to be my legacy. » Maya said : « you have no idea what your legacy is. Your legacy is every life you have touched, every person you have met whose influence was felt by you. » « it’s every person who’s ever watched a show and decided that theyr’re going to go back to school. » every person who was a victim of abuse and who stood up because of this. » »

They are humble : don’t forget where you came from even though you’ve reached the peak. Emotional bonds with their team members. Pride is destructive but humility is wonderful.

If you’re in business, developing greater charisma can help you tremendously in working with your staff, your suppliers, your bankers, your customers and every other interpersonal relationship in which contributes to your success. People seem naturally drawn to those who possess charisma. They want to help them and support them. When you have charisma, people will open doors for you and bring you opportunities that otherwise would not have been available to you.

Charisma is helpful in business because when your the boss or under the boss, while working with staff, suppliers, bankers, customers and all other interpersonal relationship this contributes to success. Confidence is the key to success and charisma is attractive, enhancend confidence. This will lead people to open doors for you and make opportunities available. In the business world, people like people who have grown up and reached that point in life where they are confident, know who they are and have impact. ()

« « I had twenty nine meals with Nelson Mandela. By the third and fourth day, we would end the day sharing the paper, one of the things we ended up talking about the most was the power of education to fight poverty. In one of those lucid moments, I said I wanted to build a school. He said : you want to build a school, want to build a school ? He called the minister of education. » To whom much is given much is required. »

My own ideas : Positive charismatic leadership vs negative charismatic leadership.

Not only do charismatic leaders excel at getting people to believe in a vision because they know how to convey a message with their strong personality, but they also know to bring people along with them to fulfill the vision.

They help people see possibilites and potential.

Drive results : they can drive results because they are convincing and when people are around others with positive energy, this is contagious and drives them to do their best or even above their capacities.

The pitfalls of charismatic leadership :

1. Sometimes these leaders are so convincing they can go overboard and get people to give up what they previously believed about themselves and others, or abondon their own values. When you believe in somebody, you don’t doubt them that much especially when they are dominating or manipulative.

2. Lack of independence : it’s all about the leader and it’s no longer about the team but it’s all about keeping the leader happy. This kind of charismatic leadership is like those who only focus on the leader and don’t pay attention to how others are doing, other voices can be silenced or ignored.

3. When the leader thinks that he is the source of success or failure when there are indeed other attributes that contribute to the failure/success of the organization that are equally important as charisma.

Charisma as a business :

If you want charisma to work in your business or even to use charisma as a business, there are some ingredients that you must mix to your charisma recipe and some that you must absolutely avoid.

What to engage in as a charismatic leader :

1. Listen openly to your team : you need to be able to listen to others and avoid emotional reactions. The power may be in your hands, but don’t abuse it. Don’t react with negativity or fear but accept criticism or at least tolerate other points of views even if you don’t necessarily agree. This is what is positive charisma and this is what is the opposite of tyranny or negative charisma. It is the job of the charismatic leader to approach the team and ask how each team member is doing, not putting up barriers but building bridges. Negativity is contagious while compassion, love, tolerance and understanding is also contagious.

2. Be able to ask your customers sometimes If they appreciate your product. If they like your product or service they can buy from you but when you ask somebody their personal opinion this often touche them and builds brand loyalty. Obviously you cannot please all your customers because it’s impossible to always modify the product and to be everybody’s hero, but you can give a listening ear and ocasionally make some changes.

3. Learn how to listen

Listening to your staff, colleagues, and customers. Being able to disagree but still lend a listening ear and treat everyone as important as your own self is extremely important. So if you know you are charismatic and others know it too, it is imperative that you consider everyone equal to you and not yourself more important just because you possess this gift.

Oprah always considered everyone just as important as she was, even though she overcame her problems with dignity and strength and overcame them, she welcomed lots of people who hadn’t made as many good choices as she had yet treats everyone and considers everyone with the same dignity and respect.

4. Humility is also a trait that leaders must possess because sometimes we simply don’t know and that’s ok too.

5. Finally, the true trait of a charismatic leader is someone who has empathy mentallity rather than divide and conquer.

(Noah’s performance on the daily show)

“There are differences,” Noah agreed. “But one thing that’s really been strange to me is how similar audiences are in South Africa and America. I think it’s because our histories have been so similar. Both countries suffered a history of slavery, oppression and systemic racism in the culture itself. And, on both sides, people are used to (diverse) audiences coming together and enjoying themselves. » (Varga, Comedian Trevor Noah transcends black and white)

“The one thing that’s different is, in the U.S., there’s a lot more sensitivity right now. I think — because of everything going on in politics — that it’s a lot harder to be seen to be mocking both sides. Because each side wants you to take their side. In South Africa, we’re still raw and fresh. And what’s great about that is people are all seeking the truth together. It’s less about political partisanship in South Africa. I mean, we’re still battling (about) race, but people are coming together.” (Varga, Comedian Trevor Noah transcends black and white)

Varga, G. (2016, June 16). Comedian Trevor Noah transcends black and white. Retrieved from http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/entertainment/music/sdut-trevor-noah-tour-harrahs-san-diego-2016jun16-htmlstory.html

« « When used with caution and care, charisma can help a leader energise employees to support a particular vision, attract a following and build strong relationships – influencing employees and key stakeholders alike. Both [Sir] Richard Branson and Carolyn McCall [easyJet’s chief executive] are great examples of leaders – they demonstrate the power of charisma when used properly.

However, charisma also has a dark side when overused or used selfishly to advance personal interests and autocratic power. When employed in these ways, it can undermine trust with employees, customers and the society at large, as followers discover the leader is more interested in themselves over and above the company’s success. » »

· We see that Oprah used charisma as a business because she used everything she overcame to be a voice to others who went through the same thing she went through.

· We see that Ellen also used charisma because honesty about being gay and not getting what she needed back then, she was highly looked up to for her honesty and integrity.

Though charisma is appealing and charming, leaders are not remembered for their charm, words, or intentions but for their accomplishments. Being able to execute your vision(practice what you preach) is what makes you established and remembered, not simply aspirations and hopes. Most great leaders such as Lincoln, Martin Luther King and Ghandi weren’t rememered for their speeches but what they accomplished and how they changed the world.

However, some businesses rely entirely on charisma. When « charisma is a business » such as Oprah or Ellen, these leaders need charisma as a skill always because that’s what allows their business to get moving. Charisma is at the essence of their business creation but also they need the skill to keep it moving. On the Oprah Winfrey show Oprah showed compassion to people, showing compassion, emphasizing and asking people how they were doing. She is an ethical person with a good moral compass and respects everyone and does no harm, meaning that her charisma is positive and acceptable. This is proof that charisma can be a positive skill used in business, only that it is not the only skill we need.

Same thing applies to all the other charismatic leaders studied, though they may have relied heavily on charisma to be successful, it wasn’t the only skill they relied on as mentioned earlier but also walking the talk and hard work.

-Some people are gifted with charisma to succeed while others use their charisma as a business. This is what Oprah accomplished. She used what she overcame, her charming and powerful personality to impact other people. She recieves people and sympathizes with them, shares what shes learned from her ow life experiences.

Jack Ma though the « little man » always believed in himself. His rules are :

1. Be like Forest Gump

We have all watched the movie about the man who had a problem but chose to believe in himself despite the circumstances and made it in life. Jack Ma chose to believe in himself despite being rejected and having low income that one day he would make it and he did with hard work, self confidence, vision, perseverance.

2. Soar with Eagles

3. Jack Ma has surrounded himself with smart, capable, innovative executives and managers he could find. He believed he had to make himself small and learn from those who were greater than him in order to make it. This is a sign of a type of charisma that allows you to learn and where you listen, not where you are closed and a tyrant.

4. Ma has built a business where ther there is participation, other people are included and there is also fun. He displays high energy and is outspoken, fun, loving and charming. He has ensured that all those personal traits have become company traits. The atmosphere is good in Alibaba. He makes the atmosphere in Alibaba one that is open and loving, so all these prove that it is possible to be charismatic, strong, open and loving at the same time and ofcourse hardworking.

5. Zakkour, M. (2014, September 29). How Jack Ma’s ‘Crazy’ Management Style Built a Technology Empire. Retrieved from

https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/237881

« “It was like the worst fucking day ever. You don’t usually see grown-ups weeping, but there were. We were tired and broken emotionally.”

However, Singh then recalls how Elon immediately got the company back on its feet. How Musk, without delay, addressed his demoralized company.

“He said, ‘Look. We are going to do this. It’s going to be okay. Don’t freak out.’ It was like magic. Everyone chilled out immediately and started to focus on figuring out what just happened and how to fix it. It went from despair to hope and focus.” »( Sing, L. C. (2007). Once a physicist: Elon Musk)

Basically, Elon Musk with his charisma and personality of authority managed to change the atmosphere from one that was demoralized to one that was uplifted. This proves that an authoritarian and transformative leader can also be a success in charisma.

In this chapter, we examined how some leaders used charisma to succeed in their business while others made use of their charisma as a foundation to build their business. Either way we can see there is a vast difference between both but that also some people use their charisma more than others as a tool to succeed.